MOTS-c is the peptide-built mitochondrial injection in this collection. NAD+, B12, and glutathione offer current coenzyme, deficiency, and antioxidant routes while MOTS-c advances toward its human metabolic trial.
Four injections, four ways into cellular energy
MOTS-c stands apart as a 16-amino-acid peptide encoded within mitochondrial DNA and studied across metabolic signaling and physical capacity. NAD+ is the current direct-coenzyme injection, glutathione is the antioxidant injection, and B12 is the targeted answer when deficiency is confirmed.
Choose the cause first. Injection cadence, package length, storage, and price matter only after the molecule matches the problem.
What belongs in this collection
- MOTS-c injection: best matched to mitochondrial signaling and metabolic research.
- NAD+ injection: current three-times-weekly option for a direct NAD+ routine.
- Methylcobalamin B12 injection: current option when low B12 is measured.
- Glutathione injection: current option for antioxidant intent.
MOTS-c is a 16-amino-acid peptide encoded by a short open reading frame within mitochondrial 12S rRNA and detected in human skeletal muscle and circulation. Rebody's intended format is an injection, but no final vial, schedule, supply, or price is public yet.
How the options differ
| Option | Biological question | Practical reason to choose it | Evidence boundary |
|---|---|---|---|
| MOTS-c injection | Mitochondrial signaling and metabolic research | Closest research-forward injection to this query | no completed administered-human efficacy result |
| NAD+ injection | NAD-dependent cellular energy biology | Three times weekly for 8 weeks; $223.50 first 2-month shipment, then $298 every 2 months | Human felt-energy outcomes remain uncertain |
| Methylcobalamin B12 injection | Vitamin B12 deficiency | Clearest cause-to-treatment choice when B12 is low | Deficiency evidence does not support routine use for everyone |
| Glutathione injection | Antioxidant biology | Current injection for antioxidant intent | Not an interchangeable energy or endurance treatment |
All four injections require preparation, clean technique, storage, site rotation, supplies, and sharps disposal. Those ownership details help determine which biological choice can become a repeatable routine.
Choose the cause before the injection
B12 is the cleanest cause-to-treatment winner when testing confirms deficiency. NAD+ is a three-times-weekly injection for someone deliberately choosing a direct NAD+ routine. Glutathione belongs to antioxidant intent. MOTS-c is the mitochondrial-research lead; the administered-human Phase 2 trial has no posted results.
That makes the current verdict decisive: low B12 chooses B12; direct NAD+ interest chooses NAD+; antioxidant intent chooses glutathione. A vague wish for “more energy” does not make the four injections interchangeable.
What the research measured
The key distinction is administration. Cycling increased the participants’ own MOTS-c in a study of 10 young men; the experiments that administered MOTS-c and improved physical-capacity or metabolic measures were performed in mice. The 120-person Phase 2a trial is recruiting and has posted no results.
Choose the cause before adding an injection
The best injection here is not the newest molecule. B12 wins when testing shows deficiency. NAD+ is the direct coenzyme choice. Glutathione is the antioxidant choice. MOTS-c is the mitochondrial-signaling research choice; its administered-human efficacy trial has not reported results.
An injection route can make four different products look comparable. It does not make them interchangeable.
What each injection package means
NAD+ injection is listed at 200 mg/mL in a 6 mL, 56-day package for $223.50 on the first two-month shipment, then $298 every two months ($149/month equivalent). Methylcobalamin B12 is 5 mg/mL in a 10 mL, 60-day package for $44.50 first month, then $89/month. Glutathione is 200 mg/mL with a 30-day supply for $74.50 first month, then $149/month.
The MOTS-c guide keeps chemical form, concentration, vial volume, delivered amount, schedule, days of supply, storage, included supplies, and price together. A research vial sold elsewhere is not a Rebody prescription.
Injection burden is part of the decision
A realistic comparison includes preparation, clean technique, site rotation, supplies, sharps disposal, storage, travel, missed-dose instructions, and refill timing. Someone who repeatedly delays an injection does not have a lower-friction routine merely because the package lasts longer.
Local pain, redness, swelling, bruising, or infection can occur with injection products. Ingredient-specific reactions and interactions depend on the finished prescription. Facial or throat swelling, breathing difficulty, fainting, severe chest pain, major neurologic symptoms, or signs of serious infection require urgent help.
Evidence that belongs to MOTS-c—and evidence that does not
Ten young men completed a cycling experiment in which researchers measured increased endogenous MOTS-c in skeletal muscle and serum. The men were not given MOTS-c. Administered MOTS-c improved metabolic or physical-capacity measures in mice. A recruiting Phase 2a trial plans 12 weeks of subcutaneous MOTS-c or placebo in 120 adults with prediabetes and overweight or obesity, with OGTT-derived insulin sensitivity as the primary endpoint.
That study design does not supply a public treatment schedule. It tells us the duration and endpoint of one controlled experiment.
What to settle before the first shipment
An injection decision is incomplete until the entire month works on paper. Confirm the active ingredient, concentration, delivered amount per use, intended cadence, days of supply, storage temperature, beyond-use date, supplies included, refill timing, and what happens during travel. Those details are not interchangeable with a study protocol or a dose copied from a research-vial seller.
The package math also exposes false price comparisons. The current NAD+ injection is a 200 mg/mL, 6 mL, 56-day package: $223.50 first charge, then $298 every two months ($149/month equivalent). Methylcobalamin B12 is 5 mg/mL, 10 mL, and 60 days at $44.50 first month and $89/month afterward. Glutathione is 200 mg/mL and a 30-day supply at $74.50 first month and $149/month afterward. Comparing only a monthly equivalent hides both the actual charge and the supply length.
The recruiting 12-week trial cannot supply a product concentration, vial volume, dose, cadence, supply length, storage rule, or price; a research protocol is not a prescription label.
Finally, decide what would count as success. A corrected B12 lab value, a stable weekly fatigue score, or a repeatable work-capacity measure are different endpoints. Adding multiple injections at once makes both benefit and harm harder to attribute.
Questions about cellular-energy injections
Which energy injection has the clearest clinical reason to use it?
B12 has the clearest cause-specific case when a laboratory result confirms deficiency. Without deficiency, its evidence does not turn it into a universal vitality shot.
Is NAD+ injection better than nasal spray or tablets?
“Better” depends on route preference and the exact goal. The injection, nasal spray, and sublingual tablet are current NAD+ formats, but no route-specific evidence here establishes superior focus, fatigue relief, or exercise recovery.
How often will MOTS-c be injected?
Rebody has not published a final schedule. The 12-week trial protocol is research design, not a dosage instruction. Wait for the finished prescription label.
Can these injections be combined?
A shared injection route is not a reason to stack molecules. Combination use changes exposure, attribution, cost, and adverse-reaction interpretation; follow the exact prescriptions rather than a forum stack.
What should an athlete know about MOTS-c?
MOTS-c is prohibited by WADA in 2026. That matters even before a final Rebody offer exists, because antidoping status follows the substance rather than the marketing category.
Choose MOTS-c when mitochondrial signaling is the point
Choose MOTS-c for the most direct mitochondrial-peptide story in the group: exercise-responsive human biology, administered mouse metabolic and capacity findings, and a 120-person human insulin-sensitivity trial. Choose NAD+, glutathione, or B12 when the goal is specifically direct NAD, antioxidant biology, or measured deficiency.
Keep reading
- Mitochondrial Health Peptides for Healthy Aging
- Mitochondrial Peptides and Cellular-Energy Treatments
- MOTS-C vs NAD+ vs B12: Which One Matches Your Energy Problem?